Autism spectrum disorder, or ASD, is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by difficulty communicating and difficulty interacting with others. It affects the way a person thinks, behaves, and communicates.
Autism exists in a range because it can manifest in a variety of ways depending on the person. Sensorial, social, and communication demands for autistic individuals can present across a spectrum from high to low.
There are behavior patterns characteristic of an autistic person. Not every individual with autism will display all of the behaviors, but for a doctor to make a diagnosis, several signs will be present.
Some of the signs and symptoms of autism include:
There is no single cause for autism. Researchers determined certain characteristics that may increase a person’s odds of developing the disorder. These include having older parents, having an autistic sibling, Down syndrome, fragile X syndrome, or Rett syndrome.
You can spot early signs of autism in small children. An earlier evaluation will benefit them greatly, so it’s crucial to be observant.
Some symptoms in a child include:
How is autism diagnosed? The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) gives a recommendation for screenings for developmental delays during routine well-child visits at 9, 18, and 39 months old. There are screening tools available such as questionnaires, behavior scales, and checklists for symptoms.
If a screening tool suggests developmental delays or signs of autism, a child will be referred to a specialist. It can be a child psychologist or a developmental pediatrician.
A specialist might observe a child’s behavior, social skills, communication, play, and repetitive behavior. They will interview the parents about the child’s current and past behavior that might indicate autism. They might also conduct a 15-question test, called Childhood Autism Rating Scale Second Edition (CARS-2) to help them differentiate between autism and conditions.
Additionally, specialists might evaluate a child’s motor skills, vision and hearing, language, and cognition.
In some cases, medical testing could be necessary. These tools include:
There are no ASD diagnostic criteria for adults at the moment. However, the existing DSM-5 criteria can be modified and applied to this age group.
Clinicians diagnose adults with ASD primarily through in-person interactions and observations. They also take into account any symptoms that the person reports.
Several types of therapy exist that can support you with existing issues. These include:
Exercising regularly, eating a nutritious diet, and getting enough sleep can help you improve your overall health and deal with your autistic traits better.
Are you on the autism spectrum? Find out with our am i autistic quiz. If you suspect you are autistic, please check in with a specialist.
Remember – Our “Am I Autistic Quiz Free” is for fun only!